Bolingbroke Mk.IV W

Bolingbroke Mk.IV W
UK — RAF WW-II maritime patrol bomber aircraft

Archive Photos

Bristol "Bolingbroke Mk.IV W" RAF WW-II Maritime Patrol Bomber Aircraft (Restoration Project) c.2003 at the Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum, Mount Hope, Ontario, Canada (Photos by John Shupek)

Overview ²

Bristol Bolingbroke
Role: Maritime patrol aircraft/trainer
Manufacturer: Bristol Aeroplane Company; Fairchild Aircraft Ltd. (Canada)
First flight: 14 September 1939
Introduction: 15 November 1939
Primary user: Royal Canadian Air Force
Produced: 1939-1943
Number built: 626
Developed from: Bristol Blenheim

The Bristol Fairchild Bolingbroke was a maritime patrol aircraft and trainer used by the Royal Canadian Air Force during the Second World War. Built by Fairchild-Canada, it was a license-built version of the Bristol Blenheim Mk.IV bomber.

Design and Development ²

In 1935, the British Air Ministry issued Specification G.24/35 to procure a coastal reconnaissance/light bomber to replace the Avro Anson. Bristol proposed the Type 149, based on its Blenheim Mk.I, with Bristol Aquila engines to give greater range. While the Air Ministry rejected this proposal, a Blenheim Mk.I, retaining its Mercury VIII engines, was converted as a Type 149 (Blenheim Mk.III) for the general reconnaissance role. The nose was lengthened to provide more room for the bombardier, with the upper left surface of the nose being scooped out to maintain pilot visibility during takeoff and landing.

The longer range also fulfilled a Canadian requirement for a maritime patrol aircraft. Consequently, Fairchild Aircraft Ltd. (Canada) of Quebec started production of the Blenheim Mk.IV as the Bolingbroke (the originally intended name for the Blenheim IV). This type was nicknamed the "Bolly". After a small run of aircraft constructed to British specifications, as the Bolingbroke Mk.I, Fairchild switched production to the Bolingbroke Mk.IV with Canadian and American instruments and equipment. These versions also included anti-icing boots and a dinghy. One of the early Mk.IV variants was the Bolingbroke Mk.IVW which was powered by two 825 hp (615 kW) Pratt & Whitney SB4G Twin Wasp Junior engines. Incapable of maintaining altitude on one engine, the normal bomb load was reduced to 500 pounds on these aircraft to compensate for the low engine power. The most-produced variant was the Bolingbroke Mk.IVT trainer, of which 457 were completed. A total of 626 Bolingbrokes were produced.

Operational History ²

Most of the 151 Mk.IVs built served in their intended role as patrol bombers on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of Canada between 1940 and 1944. Two squadrons of these aircraft also served in Alaska during the Aleutians campaign. The Mk.IVT trainers saw extensive use in the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan (BCATP).

Variants ²

Bolingbroke Mk.I: Twin-engine maritime patrol bomber aircraft, powered by two Bristol Mercury VIII radial piston engines, with British equipment. 18 built.
Bolingbroke Mk.II: Conversion of fifth Mk.I with US equipment - prototype of Mk.IV.
Bolingbroke Mk.III: Floatplane conversion of sixteenth Bolingbroke Mk.I, with two Edo floats.
Bolingbroke Mk.IV: Twin-engine maritime patrol bomber aircraft, equipped with anti-icing boots and a dinghy, also fitted with American and Canadian instruments and equipment, powered by two Bristol Mercury XV radial piston engines, 134 built.
Bolingbroke Mk.IVW: Sub-version of Mk.IV powered by two 825 hp (615 kW) Pratt & Whitney SB4G Twin Wasp Junior radial piston engines as contingency against possible shortages of Mercury engines. The Mk.IVW’s performance was below that of the Mk.IV and the supply of the British engines was maintained so production returned to the Mk.IV after only 15 aircraft were built.
Bolingbroke Mk.IVC: Version of Mk.IV with 900 hp (671 kW) Wright R-1820 Cyclone engines not requiring high octane fuel. One built.
Bolingbroke Mk.IVT: Multi-purpose trainer aircraft. A total of 350 built powered by Mercury XV engines, followed by a further 107 powered by the low-octane fuel Mercury XX* engine, giving a total of 457 built, with a further 51 canceled. Six Mk.IVT were converted to dual controls. A further 89 were converted to Mk.IVTT Target Tug with the addition of winching gear in the rear cabin and target drogue storage in the bomb bay.

Operators ²

Canada: Royal Canadian Air Force

Specifications (Bolingbroke Mk.IV) ²

General Characteristics

Crew: three
Length: 42 ft 9 in (13.03 m)
Wingspan: 56 ft 4 in (17.17 m)
Height: 9 ft 10 in (3.00 m)
Wing area: 469 ft² (43.6 m²)
Empty weight: 9,835 lb (4,470 kg)
Loaded weight: 13,750 lb (6,250 kg)
Max. takeoff weight: 14,500 lb (6,591 kg)
Powerplant: 2 × Bristol Mercury XV nine-cylinder air-cooled radial engine, 920 hp (685 kW) at 9,250 ft (2,820 m) each

Performance

Maximum speed: 250 knots (288 mph, 464 km/h) at 15,000 ft (4,570 m)
Cruise speed: 174 knots (200 mph, 322 km/h)
Range: 1,617 nm (1,860 mi, 2,995 km) at 170 mph (274 km/h)
Service ceiling: 27,000 ft (8,230 m)
Rate of climb: 1,480 ft/min (7.5 m/s)
Wing loading: 29.3 lb/ft² (143 kg/m²)
Power/mass: 0.14 hp/lb (0.24 kW/kg)

Armament

Guns: 1× fixed forward firing .303 in Browning machine gun and one .303 in Browning machine gun in power operated dorsal turret, alternately in the IVT, two Browning machine guns in a Bristol Type B1 Mk.IV turret
Bombs: 2× 500 lb (230 kg) or 4 × 250 lb (114 kg) bombs

References

Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Bristol Bolingbroke