Cessna 182A Skylane
Single-engine four-seat fixed tricycle-gear high-wing cabin monoplane, U.S.A.
Archive Photos 1
Cessna 182A (N6066B, s/n 34066, 1957) hulk on display (11/20/2011) at the Lauridsen Aviation Museum, Buckeye, Arizona (Photos by Lt. Col. Dr. Marc Matthews, M.D., USAF (retired)
Cessna 182 Skylane Series Overview 2
- Cessna 182A Skylane
- Role: Light utility aircraft
- National origin: United States
- Manufacturer: Cessna Aircraft Company
- Introduction: 1956
- Status: In production
- Produced: 1956-1985; 1996-2012; 2015-present
- Number built: over 23,237
- Unit cost: US$480,000 (182T, 2017)
The Cessna 182 Skylane is an American four-seat, Single-engine light airplane, built by Cessna of Wichita, Kansas. It has the option of adding two child seats, installed in the baggage area.
Introduced in 1956, the 182 has been produced in a number of variants, including a version with retractable landing gear, and is the second most popular Cessna model, after the 172.
Development 2
The Cessna 182 was introduced in 1956 as a tricycle gear variant of the 180. In 1957, the 182A variant was introduced along with the name Skylane. As production continued, later models were improved regularly with features such as a wider fuselage, swept tailfin with rear "omni-vision" window, enlarged baggage compartment, higher gross weights, landing gear changes, etc. The "restart" aircraft built after 1996 were different in many other details including a different engine, new seating design, etc.
By mid-2013 Cessna planned to introduce the next model of the 182T, the JT-A, using the 227 hp (169 kW) SMA SR305-230 diesel engine running on Jet-A with a burn rate of 11 U.S. gallons (42 L; 9.2 imp gal) per hour and cruise at 155 kn (287 km/h). Cessna has no timeline for the JT-A and the diesel 172. The normally aspirated, avgas fueled 182 went out of production in 2012, but came back in 2015.
Cessna 182s were also built in Argentina by DINFIA (called A182), and by Reims Aviation, France, as the F182.
Design 2
The Cessna 182 is an all-metal (mostly aluminum alloy) aircraft, although some parts - such as engine cowling nosebowl and wingtips - are made of fiberglass or thermoplastic material. Its wing has the same planform as the smaller Cessna 172 and the larger 205/206 series; however, some wing details such as flap and aileron design are the same as the 172 and are not like the 205/206 components.
Retractable Gear 2
The retractable gear R182 and TR182 were offered from 1978 to 1986, without and with engine turbocharging respectively. The model designation nomenclature differs from some other Cessna models with optional retractable gear. For instance the retractable version of the Cessna 172 was designated as the 172RG, whereas the retractable gear version of the Cessna 182 is the R182. Cessna gave the R182 the marketing name of "Skylane RG".
The R182 and TR182 offer 10-15% improvement in climb and cruise speeds over their fixed gear counterparts or, alternatively, 10-15% better fuel economy at the same speeds at the expense of increased maintenance costs and decreased gear robustness. The 1978 R182 has a sea level climb rate of 1140 fpm and cruising speed (75% BHP) at 7,500 feet (2,300 m) of 156 KTAS at standard temperature.
The landing gear retraction system in the Skylane RG uses hydraulic actuators powered by an electrically-driven pump. The system includes a gear position warning that emits an intermittent tone through the cabin speaker when the gear is in the retracted position and either the throttle is reduced below approximately 12" MAP (manifold pressure) or the flaps are extended beyond 20 degrees. In the event of a hydraulic pump failure, the landing gear may be lowered using a hand pump to pressurize the hydraulic system. The system does not, however, allow the landing gear to be manually retracted.
Variants 2
- Cessna 182: Initial production version with fixed landing gear, four-seat light aircraft, powered by a 230 hp (172 kW) Continental O-470-L piston engine, gross weight 2,550 lb (1,157 kg) and certified on 2 March 1956.
- Cessna 182A Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a 230 hp (172 kW) Continental O-470-L piston engine, gross weight 2,650 lb (1,202 kg) and certified on 7 December 1956.
- Cessna 182B Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a 230 hp (172 kW) Continental O-470-L piston engine, gross weight 2,650 lb (1,202 kg) and certified on 22 August 1958.
- Cessna 182C Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a 230 hp (172 kW) Continental O-470-L piston engine, gross weight 2,650 lb (1,202 kg) and certified on 8 July 1959.
- Cessna 182D Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a 230 hp (172 kW) Continental O-470-L piston engine, gross weight 2,650 lb (1,202 kg) and certified on 14 June 1960.
- Cessna 182E Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a 230 hp (172 kW) Continental O-470-L or O-470-R piston engine, gross weight 2,800 lb (1,270 kg) and certified on 27 June 1961.
- Cessna 182F Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a 230 hp (172 kW) Continental O-470-L or O-470-R piston engine, gross weight 2,800 lb (1,270 kg) and certified on 1 August 1962.
- Cessna 182G Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a 230 hp (172 kW) Continental O-470-L or O-470-R piston engine, gross weight 2,800 lb (1,270 kg) and certified on 19 July 1963.
- Cessna 182H Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a 230 hp (172 kW) Continental O-470-R piston engine, gross weight 2,800 lb (1,270 kg) and certified on 17 September 1964.
- Cessna 182J Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a 230 hp (172 kW) Continental O-470-R piston engine, gross weight 2,800 lb (1,270 kg) and certified on 20 October 1965.
- Cessna 182K Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a 230 hp (172 kW) Continental O-470-R piston engine, gross weight 2,800 lb (1,270 kg) and certified on 3 August 1966.
- Cessna 182L Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a 230 hp (172 kW) Continental O-470-R piston engine, gross weight 2,800 lb (1,270 kg) and certified on 28 July 1967.
- Cessna 182M Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a 230 hp (172 kW) Continental O-470-R piston engine, gross weight 2,800 lb (1,270 kg) and certified on 19 September 1968. There was also an experimental version of this model with a full cantilever wing.[10]
- Cessna 182N Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a 230 hp (172 kW) Continental O-470-R or O-470-S piston engine, gross weight 2,950 lb (1,338 kg) for take-off and 2,800 lb (1,270 kg) for landing. Certified on 17 September 1969.
- Cessna 182P Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a 230 hp (172 kW) Continental O-470-R or O-470-S piston engine, gross weight 2,950 lb (1,338 kg) and certified on 8 October 1971.
- Cessna 182Q Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a 230 hp (172 kW) Continental O-470-U piston engine, gross weight 2,950 lb (1,338 kg) and certified on 28 July 1976.
- Cessna 182R: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a 230 hp (172 kW) Continental O-470-U piston engine, gross weight of 3,100 lb (1,406 kg) for takeoff and 2,950 lb (1,338 kg) for landing. Certified on 29 August 1980. This variant, along with the 182Q, can alternatively be equipped with the jet fuel burning SMA SR305-230 Diesel engine.
- Cessna 182S Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a fuel-injected 230 hp (172 kW) Lycoming IO-540-AB1A5 piston engine, gross weight of 3,100 lb (1,406 kg) for take-off and 2,950 lb (1,338 kg) for landing. Certified on 3 October 1996.
- Cessna 182T Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a fuel-injected 230 hp (172 kW) Lycoming IO-540-AB1A5 piston engine, gross weight of 3,100 lb (1,406 kg) for take-off and 2,950 lb (1,338 kg) for landing. It was certified on 23 February 2001 and, as of July 2015, it is the only variant in production.
- Cessna R182 Skylane RG: Four-seat light aircraft with retractable landing gear, powered by a 235 hp (175 kW) Lycoming O-540-J3C5D piston engine, gross weight 3,100 lb (1,406 kg) and certified on 7 July 1977.
- Cessna T182: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a turbocharged 235 hp (175 kW) Lycoming 0-540-L3C5D, piston engine, gross weight of 3,100 lb (1,406 kg) for take-off and 2,950 lb (1,338 kg) for landing. Certified on 15 August 1980.
- Cessna T182T Skylane: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a turbocharged and fuel-injected 235 hp (175 kW) Lycoming TIO-540-AK1A piston engine, gross weight of 3,100 lb (1,406 kg) for take-off and 2,950 lb (1,338 kg) for landing. Certified on 23 February 2001.
- Cessna TR182 Turbo Skylane RG: Four-seat light aircraft with retractable landing gear, powered by a turbocharged 235 hp (175 kW) Lycoming O-540-L3C5D piston engine, gross weight 3,100 lb (1,406 kg) and certified on 12 September 1978.
- Cessna T182JT-A Turbo Skylane JT-A: Four-seat light aircraft with fixed landing gear, powered by a 227 hp (169 kW) SMA SR305-230 diesel engine, it burns 11 U.S. gallons (42 L; 9.2 imp gal) per hour of Jet-A fuel and cruises at 156 kn (289 km/h). The model was first flown in May 2013, and as of July 2015, FAA certification is on hold indefinitely. Originally introduced as the Turbo Skylane NXT, Cessna changed the name to avoid confusion with the Remos NXT.
- Robertson STOL 182: An aftermarket 182 STOL conversion certified in 1967 that changes the leading edge shape and aileron controls and lowers the stall speed below 35 mph (56 km/h).
Civil Operators 2
The Cessna 182 series is used by a multitude of civil operators, cadet organizations and flight schools worldwide.
Government Operators 2
- Belgium: Federal Police
- Canada: Transport Canada - one, sold in 2010
- United States: United States Air Force Auxiliary / Civil Air Patrol - Used for inland and coastal search and rescue, homeland security support, and airborne communications repeater service; Federal Bureau of Investigation - 27 used as surveillance aircraft equipped with optical, infrared and cellphone ELINT equipment.
Military Operators 2
- Afghanistan: Air Force
- Argentina: Army Aviation
- Canada: Canadian Army - 5 × L-182, retired 1970
- Chile: Chilean Air Force Early model 182 between the 1950s and early 1980s.
- Dubai: Air Force
- Ecuador: Army Aviation - 4
- El Salvador: Air Force
- Guatemala:
- Honduras: Honduran Air Force
- Mexico: Mexican Air Force Received 73 during 1999-2000
- Uruguay: Air Force
- Venezuela: Army and Air Force
Specifications (Cessna 182A) 2
General Characteristics
- Crew: one
- Capacity: three passengers
- Length: 29 ft 0 in (8.84 m)
- Wingspan:
- Height: 9 ft 4 in (2.8 m)
- Wing area: 174 ft² (16.2 m²)
- Airfoil: NACA 2412
- Aspect ratio: 7.47
- Empty weight: 1,970 lb (894 kg)
- Useful load: 1,140 lb (517 kg)
- Max. takeoff weight: 3,100 lb (1406 kg)
- Powerplant: 1 × Lycoming IO-540-AB1A5 3-bladed constant speed, 230 hp (172 kW)
Performance
- Never exceed speed: 175 knots (201 mph, 324 km/h)
- Maximum speed: 150 knots (173 mph, 278 km/h)
- Cruise speed: 145 knots (167 mph, 269 km/h)
- Stall speed: 49 knots (56 mph, 91 km/h)
- Range: 930 nmi (1,070 mi, 1,722 km)
- Service ceiling: 18,100 ft (5,517 m)
- Rate of climb: 924 ft/min (4.7 m/s)
- Wing loading: 17.8 lb/ft² (87 kg/m²)
- Power/mass: 0.074 hp/lb (122 W/kg)
1975 Cessna Model 182 2
Three versions of the Cessna Model 182 were available for 1975:
- Cessna Model 182 — Standard model, as described.
- Skylane — Deluxe version of the Cessna Model 182, described separately.
- Skylane II — Version of the Cessna Skylane with a factory installed avionics package.
The 1975 versions of the Cessna Model 182 had a number of improvements as standard, including a new lower profile glareshield, an easy-to-read instrument panel, additional soundproofing, new hatshelf moulded into the aft bulkhead, new interior and exterior styling, and quick fuel drain with sampler cup. New options included dual com antennae installed in the fin leading edge, and inertia-reel shoulder harness. A total of 14,507 Cessna Model 182/Skylanes had been built by 1 January 1975.
Type
- Four-seat cabin monoplane.
Wings
- Braced high-wing monoplane.
- Wing section NACA 2412, modified.
- Incidence at root 0° 47’, at tip 2° 50’.
- Dihedral 1° 44’.
- Wing structure similar to Cessna Model 172, except metal-to-metal bonded leading-edge.
Fuselage
- All-metal semi-monocoque structure.
Tail Unit
- Cantilever all-metal structure with swept fin and rudder.
- Trim tab in starboard elevator.
Landing Gear
- Non-retractable tricycle type.
- Land-O-Matic cantilever main legs, each comprising a one-piece machined conically tapered spring steel tube.
- Steerable nosewheel with oleo-pneumatic shock-absorption.
- Cessna main wheels and tires size 6.00 6, pressure 42 psi (2.95 kg/cm²).
- Cessna nosewheel and tire size 5.00 5, pressure 49 psi (3.44 kg/cm²).
- Cessna hydraulic disc brakes.
- Parking brake.
- Optional wheel fairings.
Power Plant
- Similar to that of the Cessna Model 180, except for McCauley propeller type 2A34C203/90DCA 8.
Accommodation
- Generally similar to Cessna Model 172 with standard seating for four; four seatbelts and two shoulder harnesses standard.
- Optional child’s seat.
- Baggage space aft of rear seats and hatshelf with total capacity of 200 lb (91 kg), with external baggage door.
- Cargo tiedown not standard.
- Front seat inertia-reel shoulder harness, rear seat shoulder harness and leather seating optional.
Accommodation
- Electrical system powered by 60A 14V engine-driven alternator.
- 12V battery.
- Hydraulic system for brakes only.
- Vacuum system optional.
- Oxygen system of 48 ft3 (1.36 m3) capacity optional.
Optional electronics include
- Cessna 200 Series 200A Nav 0Matic autopilot
- 300 Series 360 channel com transceiver
- 720 channel nav/com with remote VOR/LOC or VOR/ILS Indicator
- ADF with digital tuning
- Marker beacon with three lights and aural signal
- Transponder with 4096 code capability
- DME
- 10 channel HF transceiver
- 300A Nav-O-Matic single-axis autopilot with heading control plus VOR intercept and track
- 400 Series glideslope receiver
- ADF with digital tuning and transponder with 4096 code capability.
Standard equipment includes
- Audible stall warning device, variable intensity instrument panel red floodlights, pedestal lights, control locks, armrests, windscreen defrosters, cabin dome light, baggage restraint net, adjustable cabin ventilators, tinted windscreen and windows, landing, taxi and navigation lights, and cabin steps.
Optional equipment includes
- Blind-flying instrumentation, sensitive altimeter, electric clock, outside air temperature gauge, turn coordinator indicator, rate of climb indicator, dual controls, control wheel with map light and microphone switch, carburetor air temperature gauge, economy mixture indicator, true Airspeed indicator, instrument post lights, flight hour recorder, rear window curtain, sun visors, cabin fire extinguisher, headrests, rearview mirror, inertia reel shoulder harness for front seats, shoulder harness for rear seats, leather seating, child’s seat, skylights, stretcher installation, utility shelf, emergency locator transmitter, rear seat ventilation system, external power socket, non-congealing oil cooler, full-flow oil filter, quick drain oil valve, engine winterization kit, engine priming system, overall paint scheme, towbar, internal corrosion proofing, navigation light detectors, heated stall warning transmitter, heated pitot, glider tow hook, Omni-flash beacon, courtesy lights, wingtip strobe lights, tailplane abrasion boots, static dischargers alternate static source, and tailcone lift handles.
Electronics and Equipment
- Wing span: 35 ft 10 in (10.92 m)
- Wing chord at root: 5 ft 4 in (1.63 m)
- Wing chord at tip: 3 ft 7 in (1.09 m)
- Length overall: 28 ft 2 in (8.59 m)
- Height overall: 9 ft 11 in (2.78 m)
- Tailplane span: 11 ft 8 in (3.55 m)
- Wheel track: 9 ft 1 in (2.77 m)
- Wheelbase: 5 ft 6½ in (1.69 m)
- Propeller diameter: 6 ft 10 in (2.08 m)
- Passenger doors (each): Height: 3 ft 4¼ in (1.02 m);
- Width: 2 ft 11¼ in (0.90 m)
Areas
- Wings, gross: 174 ft² (16.16 m²)
- Ailerons (total): 18.3 ft² (1.70 m²)
- Trailing-edge flaps (total): 21.20 ft² (1.97 m²)
- Fin: 11 62 ft² (1.08 m²)
- Rudder: 6.95 ft² (0.65 m²)
- Tailplane: 22.96 ft² (2.13 m²)
- Elevators: 15.85 ft² (1.47 m²)
Weights and Loadings
- Weight empty, equipped: 1,610 lb (730 kg)
- Max T O weight: 2,950 lb (1,338 kg)
- Max wing loading: 16.9 lb/ft² (82.5 kg/m²)
- Max power loading: 12.8 lb/hp (5.8 kg/hp)
Performance at Max T/O weight)
- Max level speed at S/L: 146 knots (168 mph; 270 km/h)
- Max cruising speed, 75% power at 6,500 ft: (1,980 m) 140 knots (161 mph; 259 km/h)
- Econ cruising speed at 10,000 ft (3,050 m): 114 knots (131 mph; 211 km/h)
- Stalling speed, flaps up: 56 knots (64 mph; 103 km/h)
- Stalling speed, flaps down: 50 knots (57 mph; 92 km/h)
- Max rate of climb at S/L: 890 ft (271 m)/min)
- Service ceiling: 17,700 ft (5,395 m)
- T/O run: 705 ft (215 m)
- T/O to 50 ft (15 m): 1,350 ft (411 m)
- Landing from 50 ft (15 m): 1,350 ft (411 m)
- Landing run: 590 ft (180 m)
- Range at max cruising speed, standard fuel, no reserve: 599 nm (690 miles; 1,110 km)
- Range at max cruising speed, with long-range fuel tanks, no reserve: 790 nm (910 miles; 1,460 km)
- Range at econ cruising speed, standard fuel, no reserve: 768 nm (885 miles; 1,424 km)
- Range at econ cruising speed, with long-range fuel tanks, no reserve: 1,007 nm (1,160 miles; 1,865 km)
Cessna Skylane and Skylane II 2
The Skylane is a deluxe version of the Cessna Model 182 and was introduced in January 1958. Two versions were available for 1975:
Skylane
- Generally similar to Cessna Model 182, except standard equipment includes:
- Full blind flying instrumentation
- Sensitive altimeter
- Electric clock
- Outside air temperature gauge
- Turn coordinator indicator
- Rate of climb indicator
- Rear window curtain
- Sun visors
- Wheel fairings
- Overall paint scheme, and
- Pitot and stall warning heating systems.
Skylane II
- As Skylane, plus:
- Factory installed avionics package which Includes: Cessna Series 300 nav/com with 720 channel com and 200 channel nav with remote VOR/LOC, ADF, transponder and 200A Nav-O-Matic autopilot with VOR/LOC track and intercept.
- Other standard equipment includes: True Airspeed indicator, external power socket, dual controls, navigation light detectors, long-range fuel tanks, courtesy lights, emergency locator transmitter and omni-flash beacon.
It was announced on 1 June 1971, that the Venezuelan Air Force had purchased 12 Model 182/Skylanes from Salta CA, Caracas, Cessna’s Venezuelan distributor. Delivered in July 1971, they were used as personnel transports, and for training and, FAC duties.
Electronics and Equipment
- Wing span: 35 ft 10 in (10.92 m)
- Wing chord at root: 5 ft 4 in (1.63 m)
- Wing chord at tip: 3 ft 7 in (1.09 m)
- Length overall: 28 ft 2 in (8.59 m)
- Height overall: 9 ft 11 in (2.78 m)
- Tailplane span: 11 ft 8 in (3.55 m)
- Wheel track: 9 ft 1 in (2.77 m)
- Wheelbase: 5 ft 6½ in (1.69 m)
- Propeller diameter: 6 ft 10 in (2.08 m)
- Passenger doors (each): Height: 3 ft 4¼ in (1.02 m); Width: 2 ft 11¼ in (0.90 m)
Weights and Loadings
- Weight empty, equipped:
- Skylane: 1,655 lb (751 kg)
- Skylane II: 1,720 lb (780 kg)
- Max T O weight: 2,950 lb (1,338 kg)
- Max wing loading: 16.9 lb/ft² (82.5 kg/m²)
- Max power loading: 12.8 lb/hp (5.8 kg/hp)
Performance at max T/O weight)
- Max level speed at S/L: 148 knots (170 mph; 274 km/h)
- Max cruising speed, 75% power at 6,500 ft: (1,980 m) 143 knots (165 mph; 266 km/h)
- Econ cruising speed at 10,000 ft (3,050 m): 117 knots (135 mph; 217 km/h)
- Stalling speed, flaps up: 56 knots (64 mph; 103 km/h)
- Stalling speed, flaps down: 50 knots (57 mph; 92 km/h)
- Max rate of climb at S/L: 890 ft (271 m)/min
- Service ceiling: 17,700 ft (5,395 m)
- T/O run: 705 ft (215 m)
- T/O to 50 ft (15 m): 1,350 ft (411 m)
- Landing from 50 ft (15 m): 1,350 ft (411 m)
- Landing run: 590 ft (180 m)
- Range at max cruising speed, standard fuel, no reserve: 616 nm (710 miles; 1,142 km)
- Range at max cruising speed, optional fuel, no reserve: 816 nm (940 miles; 1,512 km)
- Range at econ cruising speed, standard fuel, no reserve: 790 nm (910 miles; 1,464 km)
- Range at econ cruising speed, optional fuel, no reserve: 1,042 nm (1,200 miles; 1,931 km)
Cessna 182T Skylane Specifications and Performance Data 2
General Characteristics
- Crew: 1
- Capacity: 3 passengers
- Length: 29 ft 0 in (8.84 m)
- Wingspan:
- Height: 9 ft 4 in (2.8 m)
- Wing area: 174 ft² (16.2 m²)
- Airfoil: NACA 2412
- Empty weight: 1,970 lb (894 kg)
- Loaded weight: 3,110 lb (1,411 kg)
- Useful load: 1,140 lb (517 kg)
- Max takeoff weight: 3,100 lb (1406 kg)
- Powerplant: 1 × Lycoming IO-540-AB1A5 3-Bladed Constant Speed, 230 hp (172 kW)
Performance
- Never exceed speed: 175 knots (201 mph, 324 km/h)
- Maximum speed: 150 knots (173 mph, 278 km/h)
- Cruise speed: 145 knots (167 mph, 269 km/h)
- Stall speed: 49 knots (56 mph, 91 km/h)
- Range: 930 nmi (1,070 mi, 1,722 km)
- Service ceiling: 18,100 ft (5,517 m)
- Rate of climb: 924 ft/min (4.7 m/s)
- Wing loading: 17.8 lb/ft² (87 kg/m²)
- Power/mass: 0.074 hp/lb (122 W/kg)
References
- Photos by Lt. Col. Marc Matthews, M.D. (USAF Ret.), 11/20/2011
- Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Cessna 182
- Taylor, John W. R. (ed.) Jane’s All The World’s Aircraft 1975-76. London, Jane’s Yearbooks, 1975, ISBN 0-531 03250-7, pp 304.